Nancy, I think it is fairly common for a-fib to happen after heart surgery, but most of it is temporary and like Paul said, is usually controlled by medicines for a little while until your heart has a chance to heal. Paul mentioned having an ablation during surgery, they don't actually do an ablation during surgery, rather they can do a maze procedure, which is different than an ablation. A maze procedure is where they cut or freeze an intricate pattern in your heart that creates scar tissue to basically short circuit any odd arrythmias. An ablation is done through a cath, and they actually map out the electrical pathways, if you will, and try and pinpoint any areas in your heart that may be causing rhythm problems. They the try and ablate that tissue that may be causing the problems, or if they can't pinpoint the exact spot, they also may make a pattern around that area that is causing the problems to keep those signals from traveling further to effect your rhythm. I've had both and the maze has kept a-fib at bay, however, I had many other rhythm issues that I needed to go back and have 2 ablations about a year post op.
Hopefully, you won't need any of these procedures done. I think most people who have rhythm problems find they are short lived after surgery.