Yes, as Warrick said, LOTS of research.
I spoke to a director (or marketing manager, or something) at ITC, which made the Protime meter (and didn't like me using the name Protimenow), about a decade or so ago. He predicted, at that time, that the need for meters would disappear (if I recall, 'in five years') because there would be an anticoagulant that didn't require INR testing.
We're still waiting. In the meantime, warfarin is easy to manage, is truly 'dirt cheap', and IS, truly based on an agricultural product (Red Clover). If managed properly, it's probably safer than the expensive alternatives (still not approved as alternatives for people with mechanical valves) that are quite expensive, but eliminate that terrible weekly finger stick.