There may be some connection, but if there is, it is not a straightforward or universal one, or they'd already have found it. There have been a few studies, but no take-home results. The quote from the study follows right along with that, inthat it is so noncommital you have to wonder why they even bothered to say it at all.
Medtronics and Edwards used to discourage tissue valve clients from using calcium supplements, but no longer do, apparently because a link could not be proven.
Calcium phosphate is often made from bones, and not the only common compound for calcium supplements. It usually contains about equal amounts of phosphorus and magnesium, with twice as much calcium as either of them (1:1:2). It also would contain smaller amounts of zinc, boron, and other minerals.
There is calcium carbonate from seashells and coral, both of which also contain some magnesium (3% to 30%). Calcium magensium carbonate from dolomite contains about a 1:1 ratio of calcium and magnesium.
Then there is calcium citrate, which has a 1:1 ratio of calcium and magnesium in its formulations, and sometimes calcium hydroxide, and sometimes - oops! - phosphrus.
Most of them also include vitamin D, as it is required for the body to metabolize calcium.
Of course, these basic types have been blurred by chemists and marketers, so they can have additives or be reformulated versions. You have to read the label.
Phosphates are very reactive compunds on their own, and may set something up to happen that might not from another compound. There's no smoking gun, but if you wanted to avoid calcium phosphate, there are plenty of other options.
You should check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting any of these, as most calcium compounds also have an antacid action in your stomach. They might not be good to take along with some other stomach medications, for example.
Best wishes,